1. Temperature

Maintain the water temperature on aquatic organisms is the primary factor necessary for life, temperature changes will cause all of a series of changes in environmental factors, directly affect the survival of aquatic organisms.

In addition to temperature effects on the environment, but also to aquatic organisms have a significant impact in itself. Coral reef fish, software, etc., with water temperature and body temperature is changing, the temperature difference of around 0.1 to 0.2 degrees, however, that they are variable-temperature organisms.

Dramatic changes in water temperature will the physiological function of biological damage, some of these injuries may not be restored, will make a serious biological death. Therefore, when feeding the aquarium must be strictly controlled temperature to ensure optimum temperature range: 26 degrees (+1, -1 degrees).

2. Salinity

The so-called salinity is 1 kg of water in the presence of all the weight percentage of inorganic salts. The world average seawater salinity at 25 degrees to 35 per thousand.

Salinity of sea water ornamental fish have a very important sense, the meaning of life on them is the change means that the salinity changes in osmotic pressure. For most of the coral reef fish can tolerate salinity range of less than 2 per thousand of salinity can cause a sudden large change in the narrow range of salt fish death.

Saltwater salinity is usually measured conductivity method and proportion method.

Conductivity method is used to measure the water conductivity in the number of charged ions, in order to infer the salinity of seawater. This method requires a more sophisticated conductivity meter, it is rarely used in practice.

Gravity method is more often the method of measuring the current market there are various brands available for purchase hydrometer, 25 degrees in the proportion of 1.022-1.023 (water standard).

3. PH value

It is said that water is acidic or alkaline level of value, when PH7 when the water is alkaline, when PH = 7 when the water was neutral.

As the water is rich in calcium, magnesium and other alkaline ions and therefore the water was alkaline, and is quite stable at between 7.9-8.4.

PH is an important factor affecting CO2 and calcium, magnesium ion concentration, CO2 is acid, and calcium and magnesium ions are alkaline substances, when the CO2 will be shown when more acidic. Calcium and magnesium ions when it was more alkaline.

PH value of changes in marine fish (including mollusks) the impact is very serious. For example, in acidic water, the fish can fish in the PH value of solution decreased hemoglobin and oxygen binding capacity of blocked, thus reducing the ability of lead to blood carrying oxygen partial pressure becomes smaller. In this case, even if the water is extremely rich in oxygen, the fish will die from lack of oxygen. PH can lead to decreased reproductive function of fish damage, liver damage, blindness and other serious symptoms. And therefore must not ignore the change in PH value, the best weekly test.

Determination of PH value, there are three main ways:

1 test solution assay; 2 dipstick assay; 3 Determination of electronic instruments

Currently, the market has a variety of brands available for purchase, the use of specific methods can be used on the brand.

4. Hardness KH

What is water hardness, which is dissolved in the water “polyvalent metal” concentration, including calcium or magnesium ions and other polyvalent metals. In other words, most of these metals (80%) is the carbonate component. The sulfate and chloride salts are usually their residues.

Water hardness is 7 ° DH-9 ° DH, are hard water areas, can be a real aquarium PH value stable is the carbonate hardness. When the carbonate hard falls, PH value is expressed as an unstable (acidic), but also the occurrence of gas in the aquarium fish fat swelling of the disease, will make the fish appear bent, thin gills, scales loose, sepsis the phenomenon. Degree of carbonate can be used determined titration assay.

5. CO2

In seawater aquarium, PH value, carbonate hardness and fixed between the CO2 is definitely a very close relationship, CO2 back to the non-Chinese students unicellular animal vertebrae zooxanthellae assimilation and decomposition is critical if one cells and their zooxanthellae algae can not get enough of CO2, will be forced to get calcium carbonate decomposition of CO2, the carbonate hardness of decreased PH value leading to instability down. Therefore, we must add the appropriate seawater CO2, but the establishment of the first three months of the new cylinder of CO2 is not added, the PH value of water if it is found down to 7.9 below, it should be changed by adding the CO2. Usually there are two ways to add CO2:

(1) Direct Input CO2

That the use of a variety of diffuser, tube, carbon dioxide reaction, etc..

(2) the use of calcium reactor (highly specialized)

Reaction allows the use of calcium carbonate reacts with CO2 gas soluble in water and can be directly absorbed by biological Ca (HCO3) 2 (calcium bicarbonate), which is then absorbed into CO2, CO3 single after the release of CO2 supply The cells and other algae zooxanthellae photosynthesis. Maintained in the process of calcium ion concentration in sea water to stabilize the PH value.